Polity Chapters

1. Evolution of Indian Constitution2. Constituent Assembly and Making of the Constitution3. Different Sources of the Indian Constitution4. Important Articles of the Constitution5. Important Amendments of the Constitution6. Some Special features of the Indian Constitution7. Federal and Unitary features of the Indian Union8. The Preamble9. Lapse of Paramountcy10. Integration and Merger of Indian States11. The Union and its Territories12. Reorganization of States13. Citizenship14. Fundamental Rights15. Directive Principles of State Policy16. Fundamental Duties17. Procedure of Amending the Constitution18. Executive of the Union19. The Parliament of India20. President of India21. Vice President22. Prime Minister23. Council of Ministers24. Lok Sabha25. Rajya Sabha26. Vidhan Sabha27. Vidhan Parishad28. Governor29. Chief Minister30. State Council of Ministers31. The Parliament of India32. NITI Aayog33. Executive of the States34. Special Position of J and K35. Panchayats36. Municipalities37. The Supreme Court38. The High Court39. Inter-State Council40. Finance Commission41. Planning Commission42. National Development Council43. National Integration Council44. Inter State Relations45. Emergency Provisions46. Public Service Commissions47. Election48. Delimitation Commission of India49. The Official Languages50. National Symbols51. Glossary of Constitutional Terms

The Preamble of the Indian Constitution

“The Preamble declares the philosophy, objectives, and guiding principles of the Constitution of India.”

“We, the people of India,
Having solemnly resolved to constitute India into a Sovereign Socialist Secular Democratic Republic
And to secure to all its citizens:
Justice, social, economic and political;
Liberty of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship;
Equality of status and of opportunity;
And to promote among them all
Fraternity assuring the dignity of the individual and the unity and integrity of the Nation;
In our Constituent Assembly this twenty-sixth day of November, 1949, do hereby adopt, enact and give to ourselves this Constitution.”

Explanation of the Preamble

  • “We, the people of India”: Indicates that the power and authority of the Constitution come from the people of India themselves (popular sovereignty).
  • Sovereign: India is fully independent and not controlled by any external power.
  • Socialist: Strives to reduce economic inequalities and ensure social welfare (added by 42nd Amendment, 1976).
  • Secular: The state treats all religions equally and does not have an official religion.
  • Democratic: The government is elected by the people, for the people, and of the people.
  • Republic: The head of the state is elected, not a hereditary monarch.
  • Justice: Provides social, economic, and political justice to all citizens.
  • Liberty: Guarantees freedom of thought, expression, belief, faith, and worship.
  • Equality: Ensures equality of status and opportunity to every citizen.
  • Fraternity: Promotes brotherhood among all citizens, ensuring dignity, unity, and integrity of the nation.
  • Date and Adoption: The Constitution was adopted on 26th November 1949 by the Constituent Assembly.

Previous Year Questions

  • SSC JE 2019: Which word was added to the Preamble by the 42nd Amendment?
  • Socialist
  • RRB ALP 2017: What does the term 'Republic' mean in the Preamble?
  • The head of the state is elected, not hereditary
  • HSSC 2020: Who is known as the chief architect of the Preamble?
  • B. R. Ambedkar
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