Polity Chapters

1. Evolution of Indian Constitution2. Constituent Assembly and Making of the Constitution3. Different Sources of the Indian Constitution4. Important Articles of the Constitution5. Important Amendments of the Constitution6. Some Special features of the Indian Constitution7. Federal and Unitary features of the Indian Union8. The Preamble9. Lapse of Paramountcy10. Integration and Merger of Indian States11. The Union and its Territories12. Reorganization of States13. Citizenship14. Fundamental Rights15. Directive Principles of State Policy16. Fundamental Duties17. Procedure of Amending the Constitution18. Executive of the Union19. The Parliament of India20. President of India21. Vice President22. Prime Minister23. Council of Ministers24. Lok Sabha25. Rajya Sabha26. Vidhan Sabha27. Vidhan Parishad28. Governor29. Chief Minister30. State Council of Ministers31. The Parliament of India32. NITI Aayog33. Executive of the States34. Special Position of J and K35. Panchayats36. Municipalities37. The Supreme Court38. The High Court39. Inter-State Council40. Finance Commission41. Planning Commission42. National Development Council43. National Integration Council44. Inter State Relations45. Emergency Provisions46. Public Service Commissions47. Election48. Delimitation Commission of India49. The Official Languages50. National Symbols51. Glossary of Constitutional Terms

NITI Aayog (National Institution for Transforming India)

NITI Aayog is the premier policy think tank of the Government of India, established to replace the Planning Commission and drive the country's development with a cooperative federalism approach.

Formation

  • Established on: 1st January 2015
  • Replaced: Planning Commission of India
  • Constitutional Status: Non-constitutional, extra-constitutional body

Structure of NITI Aayog

  • Chairperson: Prime Minister of India
  • Vice-Chairperson: Appointed by PM (e.g., Suman Bery as of 2023)
  • CEO: Appointed by PM for fixed tenure (e.g., B. V. R. Subrahmanyam)
  • Governing Council: Includes CMs of all States & UTs with legislatures
  • Regional Councils: Formed to address specific regional issues
  • Full-Time Members & Part-Time Members: Experts from various fields

Objectives of NITI Aayog

  • Promote cooperative federalism between Centre and States
  • Foster involvement of States in national policy-making
  • Develop mechanisms for sustainable development
  • Design strategic long-term policies for India’s progress
  • Encourage innovation and entrepreneurship

Functions of NITI Aayog

  • Acts as a knowledge and innovation hub
  • Provides directional and policy inputs to government
  • Monitors and evaluates implementation of programmes
  • Replaces the centralized planning model with bottom-up approach
  • Organizes Global Summits, Hackathons, and campaigns like Atal Innovation Mission

Major Initiatives by NITI Aayog

  • Atal Innovation Mission (AIM)
  • India Innovation Index
  • Health Index & SDG Index
  • Strategy for New India @75
  • Aspirational Districts Programme

Previous Year Questions (with Answers)

  • Q1 (SSC CGL 2021): NITI Aayog was formed on?
  • 1st January 2015
  • Q2 (UPSC 2017): Who is the ex-officio Chairperson of NITI Aayog?
  • Prime Minister of India
  • Q3 (RRB NTPC 2020): NITI Aayog replaced which body?
  • Planning Commission
  • Q4 (HSSC 2022): What does NITI stand for?
  • National Institution for Transforming India
  • Q5 (SSC CHSL 2019): Which mission is launched under NITI Aayog to promote innovation?
  • Atal Innovation Mission
  • Q6 (UPSC 2020): Does NITI Aayog have constitutional status?
  • No
  • Q7 (SSC MTS 2021): Which of the following is NOT a function of NITI Aayog?
  • Conducting elections (this is not NITI’s role)
  • Q8 (RRB JE 2019): The Vice Chairperson of NITI Aayog is?
  • Appointed by Prime Minister
  • Q9 (SSC GD 2022): Which index is published by NITI Aayog?
  • India Innovation Index
  • Q10 (HPSC 2023): Is NITI Aayog a statutory body?
  • No

Conclusion

NITI Aayog represents a shift from top-down planning to a bottom-up approach and is aimed at achieving India’s sustainable development goals through innovation, inclusivity, and cooperative federalism.

StartPreparation