Polity Chapters

1. Evolution of Indian Constitution2. Constituent Assembly and Making of the Constitution3. Different Sources of the Indian Constitution4. Important Articles of the Constitution5. Important Amendments of the Constitution6. Some Special features of the Indian Constitution7. Federal and Unitary features of the Indian Union8. The Preamble9. Lapse of Paramountcy10. Integration and Merger of Indian States11. The Union and its Territories12. Reorganization of States13. Citizenship14. Fundamental Rights15. Directive Principles of State Policy16. Fundamental Duties17. Procedure of Amending the Constitution18. Executive of the Union19. The Parliament of India20. President of India21. Vice President22. Prime Minister23. Council of Ministers24. Lok Sabha25. Rajya Sabha26. Vidhan Sabha27. Vidhan Parishad28. Governor29. Chief Minister30. State Council of Ministers31. The Parliament of India32. NITI Aayog33. Executive of the States34. Special Position of J and K35. Panchayats36. Municipalities37. The Supreme Court38. The High Court39. Inter-State Council40. Finance Commission41. Planning Commission42. National Development Council43. National Integration Council44. Inter State Relations45. Emergency Provisions46. Public Service Commissions47. Election48. Delimitation Commission of India49. The Official Languages50. National Symbols51. Glossary of Constitutional Terms

Fundamental Rights

“Fundamental Rights guarantee civil liberties to all citizens to protect them from arbitrary state actions.”

Introduction

Fundamental Rights are enshrined in Part III (Articles 12 to 35) of the Indian Constitution. They are essential for the development of individuals and the maintenance of democracy.

Categories of Fundamental Rights

  • Right to Equality (Articles 14-18): Equality before law, prohibition of discrimination, abolition of untouchability and titles.
  • Right to Freedom (Articles 19-22): Freedom of speech, assembly, movement, residence, profession, protection against arrest and detention.
  • Right against Exploitation (Articles 23-24): Prohibition of trafficking, forced labour, child labour.
  • Right to Freedom of Religion (Articles 25-28): Freedom of conscience, religious practices, and institutions.
  • Cultural and Educational Rights (Articles 29-30): Protection of minorities’ culture and education.
  • Right to Constitutional Remedies (Article 32): Right to move Supreme Court for enforcement of Fundamental Rights.

Significance

Fundamental Rights safeguard individual liberties and uphold the dignity and freedom of citizens. They provide a check on governmental powers.

Previous Year Questions

  • HSSC 2020: Under which article can a citizen directly approach the Supreme Court for enforcement of Fundamental Rights?
  • Article 32
  • SSC JE 2017: Which Fundamental Right prohibits child labour?
  • Right against Exploitation (Article 24)
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