Polity Chapters

1. Evolution of Indian Constitution2. Constituent Assembly and Making of the Constitution3. Different Sources of the Indian Constitution4. Important Articles of the Constitution5. Important Amendments of the Constitution6. Some Special features of the Indian Constitution7. Federal and Unitary features of the Indian Union8. The Preamble9. Lapse of Paramountcy10. Integration and Merger of Indian States11. The Union and its Territories12. Reorganization of States13. Citizenship14. Fundamental Rights15. Directive Principles of State Policy16. Fundamental Duties17. Procedure of Amending the Constitution18. Executive of the Union19. The Parliament of India20. President of India21. Vice President22. Prime Minister23. Council of Ministers24. Lok Sabha25. Rajya Sabha26. Vidhan Sabha27. Vidhan Parishad28. Governor29. Chief Minister30. State Council of Ministers31. The Parliament of India32. NITI Aayog33. Executive of the States34. Special Position of J and K35. Panchayats36. Municipalities37. The Supreme Court38. The High Court39. Inter-State Council40. Finance Commission41. Planning Commission42. National Development Council43. National Integration Council44. Inter State Relations45. Emergency Provisions46. Public Service Commissions47. Election48. Delimitation Commission of India49. The Official Languages50. National Symbols51. Glossary of Constitutional Terms

Executive of the Union

“The Executive is responsible for the administration and implementation of laws and policies at the Union level.”

President of India

The President is the formal head of the State and the Executive under the Constitution. The President acts on the aid and advice of the Council of Ministers.

  • Term: 5 years
  • Indirectly elected by an electoral college consisting of elected members of both Houses of Parliament and Legislative Assemblies of States.
  • Powers: Executive, legislative, judicial, military, and emergency powers.

Council of Ministers

It consists of the Prime Minister, Cabinet Ministers, Ministers of State, and Deputy Ministers. It is responsible for aiding and advising the President.

  • The Prime Minister is the head of the Council.
  • The Council is collectively responsible to the Lok Sabha.
  • They formulate and execute government policies.

Prime Minister of India

The Prime Minister is the real executive authority and leader of the Council of Ministers.

  • Appointed by the President.
  • Leader of the majority party or coalition in Lok Sabha.
  • Coordinates the work of various ministries.
  • Advises the President on important matters.

Functions of the Executive

  • Implementation of laws passed by Parliament.
  • Conduct of foreign policy and defense.
  • Administration of government departments.
  • Preparation of the Union Budget.
  • Granting pardons and clemency powers vested in the President.

Previous Year Questions

  • HSSC 2019: Who is the real executive authority of the Union?
  • Prime Minister
  • SSC JE 2018: Who appoints the Prime Minister of India?
  • President of India
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