System of Human Body
“The human body is composed of various systems that work together to maintain life and health.”
Introduction
The human body is a complex biological machine consisting of various systems. Each system performs specific vital functions to maintain the body's homeostasis.
Major Systems of the Human Body
- 1. Circulatory System: Transports oxygen, nutrients, and waste via blood.
- 2. Respiratory System: Responsible for gas exchange (oxygen and carbon dioxide).
- 3. Digestive System: Breaks down food and absorbs nutrients.
- 4. Excretory System: Eliminates metabolic waste from the body.
- 5. Nervous System: Controls and coordinates body activities through neurons.
- 6. Endocrine System: Regulates body functions through hormones.
- 7. Skeletal System: Provides structure and protection; enables movement.
- 8. Muscular System: Allows body movement and maintains posture.
- 9. Reproductive System: Responsible for producing offspring.
- 10. Immune/Lymphatic System: Defends against infections and diseases.
- 11. Integumentary System: Includes skin, hair, and nails; protects the body.
Important Facts
- The heart is a part of the circulatory system and has 4 chambers.
- The brain is the control center of the nervous system.
- Lungs are essential organs of the respiratory system.
- Kidneys filter blood in the excretory system.
- Hormones like insulin and adrenaline are secreted by endocrine glands.
Previous Year Questions
-
HSSC CET 2022: Which organ is part of both the excretory and endocrine systems?
- A. Heart
- B. Kidney
- C. Liver
- D. Pancreas
Correct Answer: B. Kidney
-
SSC GD 2021: Which system of the human body controls voluntary and involuntary actions?
- A. Endocrine system
- B. Nervous system
- C. Circulatory system
- D. Digestive system
Correct Answer: B. Nervous system
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RRB JE 2019: What is the function of the alveoli in the lungs?
- A. Digestion
- B. Filtration
- C. Gas exchange
- D. Blood clotting
Correct Answer: C. Gas exchange